In addition, HDACi could induce expression of p21 by stabilizing and inducing transcriptional activity of RUNX3, leading to induction of cancer cell apoptosis. The inhibition of HDAC activity by 8-Cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine MPT0E028 was 10�C30 times stronger than that by SAHA in HeLa and HCT116 cells. Finally, we A 484954 examined the efficiency of MPT0E028 against the human HCT116 colorectal adenocarcinoma cell growth in mice. Median tumor growth and Kaplan-Meier curve analysis demonstrated strong antitumor activity of MPT0E028. Daily administration of MPT0E028 resulted in significant antitumor activity. Moreover, compared to SAHA, MPT0E028 displayed stronger anti-tumor activity. Based on these results, MPT0E028 is a novel synthetic HDACi with unique pharmacologic properties that should be tested in human colorectal cancer therapy. In summary, we have identified a novel inhibitor of HDAC activity, MPT0E028, with antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. The results presented here show that MPT0E028 inhibits HDACs activity and has antitumor properties that are more potent than SAHA, which is currently in clinical use in subcutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Thus, MPT0E028 is suitable for further testing as a novel anti-cancer agent. The traditional ethanol-producing industry that uses starch as a feedstock employs a separate hydrolysis and fermentation process. This process includes three sequential steps: liquefaction, saccharification and fermentation. In the first step of liquefaction, the gelatinized starch is liquefied to malto-oligosaccharides by the Ca2+-dependent dextrinizing ��-amylase from Bacillus licheniformis or related species at about 90��C and near neutral pH, with the addition of Ca2+ to enhance the enzyme activity and thermostability of the ��-amylase. Recently, some Ca2+-independent ��-amylases, which are active and stable at high temperature and near neutral pH, have been reported to be candidates for possible substitution of the commercial Ca2+-dependent dextrinizing ��-amylases. The application of these enzymes would eliminate the adverse effects of the addition of Ca2+, since Ca2+ accelerates the deterioration of industrial equipments by forming the precipitate calcium oxalate, which blocks pipes and heat exchangers, inhibits the isomerization of glucose, and accumulates in the end product in the fructose production industry. In the second step of saccharification, the malto-oligosaccharides ) are hydrolyzed to glucose by glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger or related species at about 60��C and pH 4.0�C5.0. In the third step of fermentation, the glucose is converted to ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 30�C35��C and pH 4.0�C5.0. The non-covalent binding of drug to the MHC molecule resulting in presentation of an altered peptide repertoire provides a mechanistic basis for drug-MHC-peptide interactions and explains how drug hypersensitivity could be exclusively T-cell mediated. The additional contribution of heterologous immunity to this or other models of drug hypersensitivity would explain both the distribution and type of clinical manifestations and the sometimes very rapid onset of symptoms after drug initiation as well as whether or not a drug hypersensitivity syndrome will occur in a genetically predisposed individual.