No significant differences were observed in food consumption between experimental groups. Systolic blood pressures measured by telemetry were reduced in rats after treatment with FAE for 4 weeks when compared to untreated controls but there were no significant differences in distolic blood pressures. Fumaric acid esters such as dimethyl fumarate have potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Inflammation and oxidative stress play important roles in the pathogenesis of obesity, diabetes, and related Ranirestat metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. There is also evidence indicating that increased GS39783 levels of CRP may not only reflect the presence of inflammation, but also may promote inflammation and the risk for features of the metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Therefore, in the current study in an animal model with inflammatory and metabolic disturbances induced by transgenic expression of human CRP, we tested the anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and metabolic effects of Fumaderm, a preparation of fumaric acid esters containing DMF. We found that in the SHRCRP rat model in which inflammation is known to be caused by increased expression of human CRP, FAE treatment was associated with significant anti-inflammatory effects despite the fact that treatment did not reduce circulating levels of transgenic human CRP. These findings are consistent with the possibility that FAE is protecting against the pro-inflammatory effects of human CRP. FAE treatment was associated with lower serum levels of endogenous rat CRP which likely reflects the anti-inflammatory effects of the drug. Given that endogenous rat CRP does not effectively fix complement and given that FAE treatment did not reduce endogenous rat CRP in nontransgenic SHR, it does not seem likely that the anti-inflammatory effects of FAE are being mediated by FAE induced decreases in endogenous rat CRP. Anti-inflammatory effects of FAE treatment appeared to be associated with significantly lower levels of oxidative stress as indicated by significantly lower levels of lipoperoxidation products in tissues.