Thus, for clinical application of cancer-binding peptides selected using gFPS, Ig molecules might be suitable in vivo scaffolds, which allow the peptides to retain their constrained structures. In summary, we constructed a highly efficient system for screening peptides with high target affinity using a fluorescent protein scaffold, gFPS. The peptide length applicable in this system that would still allow the retention of fluorescence is 4�C12 aa, allowing on-demand construction of various peptide libraries and easy screening of target-specific peptides using fluorescence as an indicator. The results using HER2-targeting peptides demonstrate the Amikacin hydrate potential of gFPS as a presentation scaffold to generate constrained peptide libraries, and suggest that a screening system using gFPS might facilitate identification of clinically applicable target-binding peptides in conventional high-throughput screening systems. MicroRNAs are short, non-coding regulatory RNA molecules that control mRNA stability and translation by targeting the 39 untranslated region of given mRNA species. They influence various cellular functions and now are believed to form a crucial and extensive regulatory network similar to that of transcription factors. The biogenesis of miRNAs consists of different, subsequent processing steps during which mature miRNA is liberated from longer precursor RNA forms. In order to understand proper regulation and function, the different RNA forms can be studied and measured by various techniques. In the general laboratory practice, however, it is often sufficient to measure individual mature miRNA steady state levels. Nevertheless, measurements are challenging due to their short size, and sequence specific detection methods are more limited than in the case of mRNA molecules. Traditional hybridization techniques using radioactively or fluorescently labeled nucleic acids are generally applied, including in situ hybridization or Northern blotting. Their sensitivity can be strongly increased by using specifically modified artificial Clioquinol nucleotides, such as locked nucleic acids, but miRNAs with low abundance can still be beyond the sensitivity of these methods.