However, collective death in some bamboo species has occasionally occurred after flowering over a large area. The reasons for this remain unclear, but it is a devastating blow to bamboo resource base. Therefore, it is important to determine the specific pathways and genes involved in bamboo flowering and flower development. Several putative flowering-related genes have been identified from certain bamboo species, and environmental and chemical manipulations have been found to induce bamboo flowering in vitro. Moreover, Zhang et al. studied the transcriptomes of developing flowers in Dendrocalamus latiflorus using Illumina sequencing. As a large woody bamboo with high environmental, economic and cultural value in Asia, Moso bamboo is a perennial plant characterized by its infrequent sexual reproduction with flowering intervals ranging from several to more than a hundred years. Flowering depends on many factors, including environment, nutrition, climate and the plants’ physiological status. Several hypotheses have been proposed for the flowering mechanisms. However, there have been few molecular studies on flowering of Moso for various reasons including the difficulty of collecting tissue samples, lack of genomic knowledge, infrequent sexual reproduction and long periods of time between flowering. With the announcement of the genome sequence of Moso bamboo, it is now possible to identify and determine the molecular regulation mechanisms of all functional elements in Moso bamboo. The transcriptome represents a comprehensive set of transcribed regions throughout the genome. Therefore, understanding the transcriptome dynamics is essential for revealing functional elements of the genome and interpreting phenotypic variation produced by combinations of genotypic and environmental factors. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the transcriptome of developing flowers in Moso bamboo through high-throughput Illumina GAII sequencing and mapping short reads to the Moso bamboo genome and reference genes. Here, compared with the previous study reference, for the first time we collected from the same plant both leaves in the vegetative stage and flowering spikelet samples. As transcriptome results are affected by the impact of external environmental conditions and growth differences among plants, transcriptome results from the same plant are more accurate to elucidate the molecular mechanism of regulation of flower development of bamboo. After brain trauma or infection, microglia become activated and withdraw their processes to assume amoeboid and spherical morphologies. Amoeboid microglia are capable of secreting anti-inflammatory factors, pro-inflammatory factors, prostaglandins, cytokines and reactive oxygen species. These microglial effectors interact with surrounding neurons and other glial cells and can initiate trophic as well as toxic signaling pathways.